Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) for Spinal Pain

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What is Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA)?

Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA), also known as Percutaneous Radiofrequency Neurotomy, is a minimally invasive procedure designed to provide long-term pain relief for chronic neck and back pain caused by facet joint damage. While RFA is not a cure, it effectively reduces pain by disrupting pain signals from the facet joints to the brain.

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How Does the Procedure Work?

• A thin needle is inserted through the skin into the affected area under X-ray guidance.

• A radiofrequency electrode is placed next to the targeted nerve.

• The electrode is heated to 80ºC for 90 seconds, disrupting the nerve’s ability to transmit pain signals.

• The nerve is not destroyed but temporarily deactivated, providing relief until it regenerates (typically 9–15 months).

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Who is Eligible for RFA?

You may be a candidate for Spinal RFA if:

• You have chronic back or neck pain with referred pain in the buttocks or legs.

• You have had at least two successful diagnostic nerve blocks, confirming facet joint pain.

• Conservative treatments (e.g., physiotherapy, medication) have not provided sufficient relief.

 

Benefits of Radiofrequency Ablation

• Long-lasting relief (average 9–15 months per treatment).

• Minimally invasive – performed under local anesthesia.

• No hospital stay – return home the same day.

• Quick recovery – most patients resume normal activities within days.

 

Risks & Potential Side Effects

While RFA is a safe and well-established procedure, risks may include:

Early Risks (Short-term)

• Mild skin sensitivity or discomfort (resolves within weeks).

• Temporary nerve irritation (burning sensation, rare).

• Infection or allergic reaction (low risk, precautions taken).

• Procedure failure – 85% success rate, but not guaranteed.

Late Risks (Long-term)

• Joint degeneration risk (reduced due to remaining nerve supply).

• Phantom pain or neuropathic discomfort (uncommon).

• Pain recurrence over time as nerves regenerate (procedure may be repeated).

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Procedure Day – What to Expect

• Location: The same facility where you had your diagnostic nerve blocks.

• Duration: Approximately 1-hour per joint treated.

• Transport: Arrange for a friend or relative to drive you home.

• Food & Drink: You may eat and drink normally before the procedure.

• Anesthesia: Local anesthetic is used for comfort – you will remain awake to provide feedback.​

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After the Procedure

• Immediate recovery: You will be monitored briefly before discharge.

• Pain management: You may need ice packs and usual pain medication for a few days.

• Follow-up: We will contact you the day after the procedure to check on your progress.

• Results timeframe: Most patients notice improvements within days to weeks.

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Important Notes

If you take blood thinners (e.g., warfarin) – contact us in advance for special arrangements. If you have any questions or bookings, please email The Musculoskeletal Institute at office@msk-institute.co.nz.

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