Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) for Spinal Pain – Patient Guide

For neck pain and back pain

What is Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA)?

Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA), also known as Percutaneous Radiofrequency Neurotomy, is a minimally invasive procedure designed to provide long-term pain relief for chronic neck and back pain caused by facet joint damage. While RFA is not a cure, it effectively reduces pain by disrupting pain signals from the facet joints to the brain.

How Does the Procedure Work?

A thin needle is inserted through the skin into the affected area under X-ray guidance.
A radiofrequency electrode is placed next to the targeted nerve.
The electrode is heated to 80ºC for 90 seconds, disrupting the nerve’s ability to transmit pain signals.
The nerve is not destroyed but temporarily deactivated, providing relief until it regenerates (typically 9–15 months).

Who is Eligible for RFA?

You may be a candidate for Spinal RFA if:
✅ You have chronic back or neck pain with referred pain in the buttocks or legs.
✅ You have had at least two successful diagnostic nerve blocks, confirming facet joint pain.
✅ Conservative treatments (e.g., physiotherapy, medication) have not provided sufficient relief.

Benefits of Radiofrequency Ablation

✔ Long-lasting relief (average 9–15 months per treatment).
✔ Minimally invasive – performed under local anesthesia.
✔ No hospital stay – return home the same day.
✔ Quick recovery – most patients resume normal activities within days.

Risks & Potential Side Effects

While RFA is a safe and well-established procedure, risks may include:

Early Risks (Short-term)

⚠ Mild skin sensitivity or discomfort (resolves within weeks).
⚠ Temporary nerve irritation (burning sensation, rare).
⚠ Infection or allergic reaction (low risk, precautions taken).
⚠ Procedure failure – 85% success rate, but not guaranteed.

Late Risks (Long-term)

⚠ Joint degeneration risk (reduced due to remaining nerve supply).
⚠ Phantom pain or neuropathic discomfort (uncommon).
⚠ Pain recurrence over time as nerves regenerate (procedure may be repeated).

Procedure Day – What to Expect

📍 Location: The same facility where you had your diagnostic nerve blocks.
⏳ Duration: Approximately 1 hour per joint treated.
🚗 Transport: Arrange for a friend or relative to drive you home.
🥗 Food & Drink: You may eat and drink normally before the procedure.
💉 Anesthesia: Local anesthetic is used for comfort – you will remain awake to provide feedback.

After the Procedure

✔ Immediate recovery: You will be monitored briefly before discharge.
✔ Pain management: You may need ice packs and usual pain medication for a few days.
✔ Follow-up: We will contact you the day after the procedure to check on your progress.
✔ Results timeframe: Most patients notice improvements within days to weeks.

Important Notes

🩸 If you take blood thinners (e.g., warfarin) – contact us in advance for special arrangements.
📩 Questions or bookings? Email The Musculoskeletal Institute at office@msk-institute.co.nz.

Looking for long-term relief from spinal pain? Contact The Musculoskeletal Institute today to see if Radiofrequency Ablation is right for you.